Efectividad del programa educativo "Sonrisas desde el vientre". Hogar Materno Isabel María de Valdivia en Sancti Spíritus / Effectiveness of the educational program " Smiles from the womb". Isabel María de Valdivia Maternity Home in Sancti Spíritus

Fundamentación: En el período de gestación el organismo de la mujer sufre modificaciones, transformaciones fisiológicas y psicológicas, además de cambios en los tejidos bucales y cambios de conducta que pueden iniciar enfermedades bucodentales o agravar las ya establecidas. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del programa educativo "Sonrisas desde el vientre" en embarazadas del Hogar Materno Isabel María de Valdivia en Sancti Spíritus. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio preexperimental, con diseño antes y después en el período de enero a junio del 2022, la población estuvo constituida por 20 embarazadas ingresadas en el Hogar Materno Isabel María de Valdivia en Sancti Spíritus. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico, empírico (encuesta) y estadísticos. Se midió la variable conocimiento sobre salud bucodental. Resultados: Los conocimientos antes de la aplicación de programa educativo eran insuficientes (65 %), después de aplicado el programa educativo el 75 % de las embarazadas presentó conocimientos suficientes. Conclusiones: Al culminar la implementación del programa educativo "Sonrisas desde el vientre", se logró un nivel de conocimiento suficiente sobre salud bucodental en la tercera parte de las embarazadas de este hogar materno.

Background: During pregnancy, the women's body goes through many changes, physiological and psychological transformations, as well as changes in the oral cavity tissues and behavioral changes that may initiate oral diseases or aggravate the stablished ones. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the educational program "Smile from the Womb" among pregnant women at the Isabel María de Valdivia Maternity Home in Sancti Spíritus. Methodology: A pre-experimental study with a before and after design was conducted from January to June 2022, the population consisted of 20 pregnant women hospitalized at Isabel María de Valdivia Maternity Home in Sancti Spíritus. Theoretical, empirical (survey) and statistical methods were used. The variable oral health knowledge was measured. Results: Before applying the educational program the knowledge was insufficient (65%), after applying the educational program 75% of pregnant women showed sufficient knowledge. Conclusions: By the end of the "Smile from the Womb" educational program, one third of the pregnant women in this maternity home had achieved a sufficient level of knowledge about oral and dental health.

Educação em saúde bucal em uma pré-escola: planejamento estratégico para o desenvolvimento de atividades lúdicas / Oral health education in pre-school: strategic planning for the development of ludic activities

Trata-se de um relato de experiência, que descreve, sob estratégia narrativo-argumentativa, as significâncias político-pedagógicas atreladas ao planejamento estratégico de ações de educação em saúde bucal vivenciadas em um ambiente escolar e experimentadas por acadêmicos estagiários de um curso de Odontologia. Após análise detalhada, algumas inferências se destacaram: o reconhecimento do ambiente escolar como território fértil para o desenvolvimento de ações promotoras de saúde; a efetividade do instrumento "TPC" (Teorizar-Praticar-Criticar) no direcionamento dos acadêmicos estagiários no planejamento estratégico de atividades de educação em saúde bucal; a importância de se disseminar, em espaços científicos, os aprendizados advindos de experimentações práticas de estágios.

This is a report on an experience that describes, under a narrative-argumentative strategy, the political-pedagogical significance linked to the strategic planning of oral health education actions experienced in a school environment and experienced by university trainees from a Dentistry course. After a detailed analysis, some inferences were observed: the recognition of the school environment as a fertile territory for the development of health-promoting actions; the effectiveness of the "TPC" (Theorize-Practice-Criticize) instrument in directing university trainees in the strategic planning of oral health education activities; the importance of disseminating, in scientific spaces, the learning from practical experimentation during internships.

Necesidades educativas sobre salud bucodental en el grado prescolar / Educational needs related to oral health in the preschool grade

Introducción: La caries dental y la enfermedad periodontal son las enfermedades bucodentales más prevalentes, con una tendencia al aumento de las maloclusiones. Se considera la promoción de salud como un proceso educativo a través del cual la comunidad logra ejercer control de su salud. Objetivo: Identificar las necesidades educativas sobre salud bucodental en el grado prescolar, en Sagua la Grande, Villa Clara, durante el curso escolar 2017-2018. Método: Investigación descriptiva transversal en Sagua la Grande, durante el curso 2017-2018. La población quedó constituida por 326 niños, 24 docentes y 326 familias. La variable estudiada fue necesidades educativas sobre salud bucodental en el grado preescolar. Resultados: Se evidenció que no se realizan acciones educativas sobre salud bucodental. No existen proyectos ni un programa de capacitación sobre salud bucodental para los docentes que la sustente. No es concebida la salud bucal dentro del sistema de trabajo metodológico del sector. No se analizan contenidos de salud bucodental en consejos de dirección y preparaciones metodológicas Los docentes realizan escasas acciones educativas sobre salud bucodental. El nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucodental fue evaluado de mal en los niños (74,23 por ciento), en docentes (41,67 por ciento) y familias (47,24 por ciento). Conclusiones: Se evidenció que no se realizan acciones educativas sobre salud bucodental y predominó el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucodental evaluado de mal en niños, docentes y familias(AU)

Introduction: Dental caries and periodontal disease are the most prevalent oral conditions, with a tendency to an increase in malocclusions. Health promotion is considered to be an educational process by which the community gains control of their health. Objective: Identify the educational needs related to oral health in the preschool grade. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Sagua la Grande during the school year 2017-2018. The study population was 326 children, 24 teachers and 326 families. The variable analyzed was educational needs related to oral health in the preschool grade. Results: It was found that educational actions related to oral health are not performed, nor is there an oral health training program for teachers or projects supporting it. Oral health is not included in the system of methodological work for the sector. Oral health contents are not discussed in management meetings or methodological preparation sessions. Teachers conduct a scant number of oral health educational actions. Knowledge about oral health was evaluated as poor in 74.23 percent of the children, 41.67 percent of the teachers and 47.24 percent of the families. Conclusions: It was found that oral health educational actions are not performed and knowledge about oral health is poor among children, teachers and families(AU)

Relationship Between Socio-Demographic Profile, Parity and Dental Caries Among a Group of Nursing Mothers in South East, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk indicators of caries among nursing mothers in a tertiary hospital. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 408 nursing mothers aged 15 to 52 years who brought their children for immunization in a tertiary hospital in Enugu, Nigeria. Data on socio-demographic profile, parity, dental visits were collected. The presence of dental caries was recorded using the World Health Organization criteria. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 11.0%, and the mean DMFT was 0.18. There was a statistically significant association between level of education (p<0.001), past dental visit (p<0.001) and the occurrence of dental caries. Caries was more prevalent in the mandibular teeth than the maxillary teeth. The left mandibular first and second permanent molars had the highest occurrence of dental caries. Missing (M) component of the DMFT index was highest and the care index was low. The significant predictors of caries among nursing mothers were fair oral hygiene and having below tertiary education. Conclusion: The prevalence of caries and the care index were both low in this study population. The significant predictors of dental caries were a tertiary level of education and poor oral hygiene. Incorporating oral health education during postnatal care can help reduce dental caries' occurrence and complications among nursing mothers in the study population.

Intervención educativa para la gingivitis crónica en adolescentes del Consultorio Médico de la Familia 10. Área Norte. Sancti Spíritus / Educational intervention on chronic gingivitis in adolescents at the North Area doctor´s office 10 in Sancti Spíritus

RESUMEN Fundamento: La gingivitis crónica constituye un problema de salud bucal en los adolescentes, relacionado con los escasos conocimientos y factores de riesgo presentes. Objetivo: Aplicar la intervención educativa para modificar el nivel de conocimientos de los adolescentes sobre gingivitis crónica del CMF 10 de Sancti Spíritus. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental, con diseño de antes y después en el período de septiembre 2018 a febrero del 2019, la población fueron 196 adolescentes y la muestra 61 que presentaron gingivitis crónica. Las variables utilizadas: conocimientos sobre prevención de gingivitis, higiene bucal y presencia de gravedad de la gingivitis, los métodos: del nivel teórico, empírico (encuesta, entrevista, determinación de la IHBS, Índice Gingival de Löe y Silness y de la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Los conocimientos antes de la intervención eran insuficientes (40.8 %), la gravedad de la enfermedad el 50.8 % presentaba gingivitis moderada y el 47.5 % mala higiene bucal; después de la intervención el 90.1 % tenía conocimientos suficientes, el 73.7 % sin alteración en las encías y 83.6 % buena higiene. Conclusiones: La intervención educativa logró elevar los conocimientos, disminuir la gravedad de la gingivitis y mejorar la higiene bucal de los adolescentes.

ABSTRACT Background: Chronic gingivitis is an oral health problem in adolescents, related to poor knowledge and risk factors. Objective: To apply educational intervention to modify the adolescents' level of knowledge about chronic gingivitis at the CMF 10 in Sancti Spíritus. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted, with a before and after design from September 2018 to February 2019, the population consisted of 196, and the sample of 61 adolescents who presented chronic gingivitis. The variables used: knowledge about gingivitis prevention, oral hygiene and presence of gingivitis´ severity, methods: theoretical and empirical level (survey, interview, determination of the IHBS, Silness y Löe Gingival Index and descriptive statistics. Results: The knowledge before the intervention was insufficient (40.8 %), severity of the disease 50.8 % presented moderate gingivitis and 47.5 % bad oral hygiene; after the intervention 90.1 % had sufficient knowledge, 73.7 % without any alteration in the gums and 83.6 % good hygiene. Conclusions: The educational intervention managed to increase knowledge, decrease severity of gingivitis and improve oral hygiene of adolescents.

Fundamentos teóricos de la preparación del estudiante de Estomatología en función de la educación para la salud bucal periodontal / Theoretical foundations of the dentistry students preparation in terms of education for the periodontal oral health

RESUMEN Introducción: La aspiración de egresar un estomatólogo general suficientemente preparado para resolver los problemas de salud bucal periodontal más generales y prevalentes es una exigencia social que se revela en el actual plan de estudio de la carrera de Estomatología. Objetivo: Elaborar unos referentes teóricos de la preparación del estudiante de Estomatología en función de la educación para la salud bucal periodontal. Método: De enero a julio de 2020, en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas Guantánamo se realizó una revisión narrativa sobre el tema a través de una búsqueda en bases de datos electrónicas (Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, REDALYC, Scopus). Se sistematizaron referentes teóricos que sustentan la preparación del estudiante de Estomatología en función de la educación para la salud bucal periodontal. Conclusiones: Se evidencia la necesidad de esta preparación dada su implicación en el modo de actuación profesional para una Atención Bucal Periodontal Integral. Las bases para esta finalidad emergen de la conjugación armoniosa de referentes filosóficos, sociológicos, legales, psicológicos, pedagógicos y didácticos en función de la práctica de la profesión.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aim to graduate a general dentist with a high standard in knowledge to solve the most general and prevalent periodontal oral health issues is a social demand that is revealed in the current study program of dentistry major. Objective: To elaborate some theoretical references concerning dentistry student preparation in terms of education for periodontal oral health. Method: From January to July 2020, at the Facultad de Estomatología in the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas Guantanamo, a narrative review on the subject was carried out through a search in electronic databases (Virtual Health Library, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, REDALYC, Scopus). It was systematized all the theoretical references that support the preparation of the dentistry students in terms of education for periodontal oral health. Conclusions: It is evident the necessity of this type of training due to its implication in the way to the best professional performance for an integral oral care. The foundations for achieving this goal emerge from the harmonious conjugation of philosophical, sociological, legal, psychological, pedagogical and didactic referents, in accordance to the practice of the profession.

Programa de Salud Bucodental en escolares de la Comunidad del Bajo Boulogne / Oral Health Program in children from Bajo Boulogne Community

Las afecciones bucodentales constituyen un problema de salud pública por su alta prevalencia y su fuerte impacto individual y colectivo en términos de dolor, malestar y discapacidad social y funcional. El Centro de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria San Pantaleón, ubicado en la provincia de Buenos Aires, brinda asistencia sanitaria gratuita a la comunidad. Un relevamiento documentó que el 97% de los concurrentes presentaba caries y no se lavaban los dientes por falta de cepillo y pasta dental. Se decidió llevar adelante un programa de promoción de la salud bucodental. El objetivo fue evaluar su implementación; que incluyó: a) rastreo de caries y problemas odontológicos; b) coordinación interinstitucional; c) entrega de cepillos y pasta dental; d) intervención educativa; e) extensión comunitaria. Participaron en forma irregular 120 niñas, niños y adolescentes entre 5 y 18 años del Centro de Apoyo Escolar Fundación Bajo Boulogne. Se realizaron dos encuentros educativos y entrega de cepillos y pasta dental. En la revisión odontológica inicial sobre 60 participantes se detectaron caries en 43 (71,6%), que fueron derivados para tratamiento odontológico, pero concurrieron solo 26 (60,4%). El conocimiento sobre salud bucodental mostró cambios entre los más pequeños luego de las intervenciones educativas. Se logró implementar el programa, cumplimentando las actividades propuestas. Pero surgieron barreras que dificultaron la cobertura. En cuanto a la eficacia de la intervención educativa, no se logró mostrar cambios en el conocimiento. Se consiguió la detección oportuna, la incorporación de hábitos como el cepillado dentro de la institución educativa, la articulación para mejorar el acceso a la atención y la vinculación entre los diferentes actores comunitarios. (AU)

Oral disorders are a public health problem due to their high prevalence and their strong individual and collective impact in terms of pain, discomfort, and social and functional disability. The San Pantaleón Family and Community Medicine Center, located in the province of Buenos Aires, provides free healthcare to the community. A survey documented that 97% of those present had cavities and did not brush their teeth due to a lack of brush and toothpaste. It was decided to carry out an oral health promotion program. The objective was to evaluate its implementation; which included: a) tracking of caries and dental problems; b) inter-institutional coordination; c) delivery of brushes and toothpaste; d) educational intervention; e) community extension. 120 girls and boys and adolescents between 5 and 18 years of age from the Bajo Boulogne Foundation School Support Center irregularly participated. Two educational meetings were held, handing out brushes and toothpaste. In the initial dental review of 60 participants, caries was detected in 43 (71.6%), who were referred for dental treatment, with only 26 (60.4%) concurring. Oral health knowledge showed changes among the youngest after educational interventions. It was possible to implement the program, completing the proposed activities. Barriers arose that made coverage difficult. Regarding the effectiveness of the educational intervention, it was not possible to show changes in knowledge. Timely detection was achieved, the incorporation of habits such as brushing within the educational institution, articulation to improve access to care and the link between the different community actors. (AU)

Ambiente escolar como cenário de um estágio em atenção primária: análise político-pedagógica de vivências experimentadas / School environment as a stage of an internship in primary care: political-pedagogical analysis of experiences

Objetivo: analisar as significâncias político-pedagógicas de vivências experimentadas por estagiários de um curso de Odontologia em um ambiente escolar. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo transversalmente estruturado sob estratégia narrativo-descritiva e moldado à técnica argumentativa. Resultados: o "Estágio de Clínica Integrada em Atenção Primária" foi didaticamente sistematizado em dois períodos: "Pré-intervenção" e "Intervenção". Do primeiro, desvendaram-se duas ações: "Contextualização dos acadêmicos estagiários" e "Estruturação, ambientalização e levantamento de necessidades do ambiente de trabalho". Já o segundo foi guiado pelo instrumento "TPC" (Teorizar-Praticar-Criticar), em que todas as ações programadas seguiram a lógica ativa do planejamento estratégico, ou seja, contextualizadas às realidades do cenário de prática (ambiente escolar). Conclusão: das experimentações vivenciadas, algumas inferências se destacaram: a efetividade do instrumento "TPC" no direcionamento dos acadêmicos estagiários no planejamento estratégico de atividades de educação em saúde; o reconhecimento do ambiente escolar como território fértil para o desenvolvimento de ações promotoras de saúde; a importância de se disseminar, em espaços científicos, os aprendizados advindos de experimentações práticas de estágios.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the political-pedagogical significance of experiences experienced by trainees of a dentistry course in a school environment. Methodology: qualitative study transversely structured under narrative-descriptive strategy and molded to the argumentative technique. Results: the "Internship of Integrated Clinic in Primary Care" was didactically systematized in two periods, "Pre-intervention" and "Intervention". From the first, two actions were unveiled: the "Contextualization of the Interns" and the "Structuring, Environmentalization and Survey of Work Environment Needs". The second was guided by the instrument "TPC" (Theorize- Practice-Criticize), where all programmed actions followed the active logic of strategic planning, contextualized to the realities of the practice scenario (school environment). Conclusion: from the experiments experienced some inferences stood out: the effectiveness of the "CPT" instrument in guiding the trainee academics in the strategic planning of health education activities; the recognition of the school environment as a fertile territory for the development of health promoting actions; the importance of disseminating, in scientific spaces, the learning that comes from practical experimentation of internships.(AU)

Oral Health Literacy and Related Factors among Pregnant Women Referring to Health Government Institute in Kerman, Iran

Abstract Objective: To evaluate oral health literacy among pregnant women in Kerman, Iran. Material and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 169 pregnant women referring to government institute. Data were collected by demographic profile (including age, number of children, educational level, dental attendance before pregnancy and economic status), 17-item oral health literacy questionnaire consisting of four domains (including reading comprehension, numeracy, listening, and decision-making skills), self-assessment oral health status, DMFT index and oral health behavior. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 software using ANOVA and Chi-square tests at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 27.92 ± 5.25 years, 38.2% of them had bachelor's degree, 35.8% had dental attendance before pregnancy and 29.1% brushed daily their teeth twice or more. Dentists were the most frequent source of oral health information. Moreover, 60.0% believed their oral health was to be moderate, and 59.4% had inadequate oral health literacy. There was also a significant correlation between educational level, monthly income and dental attendance before pregnancy. Conclusion: Our results showed inadequate oral health literacy among pregnant women, highlighting the necessity of dental consultation before pregnancy.

Knowledge and Self Perception about Preventive Dentistry among Indonesian Dental Students

Objective: To investigate the knowledge and self-perception of Indonesian dental students in giving oral health education and preventive treatment. Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional study, with 208 clinical students (54 males and 154 females). Knowledge and self-perception of preventive dentistry was assessed using multiple choice questionneire based on a four-point likert scale written in Indonesia, at Dental Hospital of Hasanuddin University. Assessment of preventive dentistry knowledge on clinical students by answering 14 questions, while self-perception in providing oral health education and preventive treatment was assessed using general questions. Statistical evaluation was done using Chi-squared test and t test. The significance level was set at 5%. The analyses were performed with SPSS 12 statistical package. Results: Both male and female students are reported to have high competence in giving oral health education and preventive treatment (94-99%), but there was no significant difference between genders (p>0.05). Almost all questions were answered by agree or strongly agree. 75% of study participants disagreed with the statement that the use of fluoride toothpaste is more important than the brushing technique for dental caries prevention (PK2, p<0.05). Conclusion: The perceptions of clinical students participating in the study have high competence (94-99%) in providing education and preventive care to their patients, but there is still a lack of prevention knowledge.

Nivel de conocimiento sobre cáncer bucal en un sector de la población / Level of knowledge on oral cancer in a sector of the population

Introducción: el conocimiento por parte de la población del cáncer bucal es de vital importancia para actuar sobre los factores de riesgo a padecer cáncer bucal y disminuir su incidencia. Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de la población objeto de estudio sobre los factores de riesgo del cáncer bucal, los factores protectores para prevenir el cáncer bucal y los signos bucales de alarma relacionados con el cáncer bucal. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un estudio experimental de intervención educativa para aumentar el nivel de conocimiento y la percepción del riesgo ante el cáncer bucal, en el territorio atendido por el Hospital General Docente “Julio Aristegui Villamil” de Cárdenas. Resultados: se diagnosticó bajo nivel de conocimiento en el 78,5 % de la población estudiada sobre el cáncer bucal, se diseñó y ejecutó una estrategia de intervención educativa para aumentar la percepción del riesgo ante el cáncer bucal en la población según las necesidades de aprendizaje. El nivel de conocimiento luego de la intervención educativa resultó satisfactorio en el 94,2 % de la población. Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimiento sobre cáncer bucal inicial resultó ser insatisfactorio en la mayoría, mientras que luego de aplicar la intervención educativa fue satisfactorio en casi su totalidad. La intervención educativa resultó ser un método idóneo de la educación para la salud respecto al cáncer bucal en la población estudiada (AU).

Introduction: knowledge of oral cancer in all the population is very important, that permit to act over factors of risk to suffer Oral cancer and to diminish the morbidity in this illness. Objective: to describe the level knowledge about factors of risk of Oral cancer in the population studied, the protective factors to prevent the Oral cancer and the alarm signs related with the Oral cancer; as well as to evaluate the level of knowledge before and after the application of the educational strategy to the population. Materials and methods: was carried out an experimental study of educational intervention to increase the perception of risk about Oral cancer, in the territory assisted by the General Hospital "Julio Aristegui Villamil" of Cárdenas. The level of knowledge about Oral cancer was studied in 450 patients. Results: low level of knowledge was diagnosed in population´s studied (78,5 %). Then was designed and executed a Strategy of Educational Intervention to increase the perception of the risk about Oral cancer in the population according to the learning necessities. The level of knowledge after the educational intervention was Satisfactory in the 94,2 % of the population. Conclusions: at first most of population have a not satisfactory level of knowledge about Oral cancer, but it turned out to be Satisfactory in almost totally, after applying the educational intervention. This educational intervention turned out to be a suitable method for the health´s education regarding Oral cancer in the studied population (AU).

Caracterización del Cáncer Bucal. Estudio de 15 años / Characterization of oral cancer. Study of 15 years

Introducción: La región bucal es una de las diez localizaciones más frecuentes de incidencia del cáncer en Cuba y en el mundo, su estudio en nuestro medio es de vital importancia para mejorar su prevención y curación. Objetivo: identificar distribución de morbilidad por año del cáncer bucal en el territorio de Cárdenas y su tasa por 100 000 habitantes, características sociodemográficas de los pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer bucal en la región y periodo objetos de estudio y determinar el comportamiento del cáncer bucal según localización anatómica y presencia de factores de riesgo. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 15 años en pacientes con diagnóstico histopatológico de cáncer bucal atendidos en el Hospital General Docente ¨Julio M Aristegui Villamil¨ de Cárdenas, en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2000 y diciembre de 2014. Resultados: se pudo constatar un incremento de pacientes afectados en el referido territorio al elevarse la tasa de 4,5 X 100 000 habitantes en el 2000 a 15,4 en el 2013 y 12,5 en el 2014. Hubo mayor incidencia en el grupo de edad de 51-60 años (24,6 %), el sexo masculino (78,5 %), el color de piel blanca (94,1 %), el labio inferior (44,5 %). Los factores de riesgo con mayores valores fueron el tabaquismo (94,6 %) y alcoholismo (64,8 %). Conclusiones: El cáncer bucal tiene una tendencia al incremento en el municipio estudiado, predominando en individuos masculinos, de piel blanca y con adicciones como tabaquismo y alcoholismo. Es necesario realizar actividades de promoción de salud y prevención del cáncer bucal por el incremento de esta enfermedad (AU).

Introduction: oral region is one of the ten more frequent localizations of the cancer in our country and in the world, so to study oral cancer in our context is very important to improve prevention and cure. Objective: describing the distribution of the morbidity for year of the Oral cancer in Cárdenas and their rate for 100 000 inhabitants, as well as the demographic characteristics of the patients diagnosed with Oral cancer in the anatomical region and period studied and factors of risk in those patients. Materials and methods: was carried out a descriptive and retrospective study of 15 year in patient with histopathologic diagnosis of Oral cancer assisted in the General Hospital ¨Julio M Aristegui Villamil¨ of Cárdenas, since January, 2000 to December, 2014. Results: was verified an increase of patients affected by Oral cancer in the referred territory and was raising the rate of since 4,5 X 100 000 inhabitants in the 2000 to 15,4 in the 2013 and 12,5 in the 2014. There was bigger incidence in the group of 51-60 year-old age (24,6 %), the masculine sex (78,5 %), the white skin color (94,1 %) and the inferior lip area (44,5 %). The higher factors of risk were Tabaco addiction (94,6 %) and alcoholism (64,8 %). Conclusions: it becomes necessary to carry out activities of promotion of health and prevention of Oral cancer because the growth of this illness in our context (AU).

Intervención educativa sobre el programa de detección del cáncer bucal en estomatólogos generales / Educative intervention on the program of oral cancer detection in general dentists

Introducción: los estomatólogos generales constituyen la primera línea de educación para la salud y prevención del cáncer bucal, por ello su nivel de conocimiento y su percepción del riesgo poblacional de padecer cáncer bucal resultan de gran importancia para su prevención en la atención primaria de salud. Objetivos: evaluar el nivel de conocimiento inicial que presentaron los estomatólogos generales objeto de estudio. Aplicar una intervención educativa para elevar el nivel de conocimiento sobre cáncer bucal en la población de profesionales estudiados. Evaluar los resultados de la intervención educativa aplicada a los estomatólogos participantes. Materiales y Métodos: con la participación de 60 estomatólogos que prestan servicio en los municipios de Cárdenas, Martí y el Consejo Popular de Máximo Gómez y durante el periodo de septiembre 2011 a junio del 2012, se diseñó y ejecutó un estudio experimental de intervención educativa y desarrollo tecnológico sobre el Programa de Detección del Cáncer Bucal (PDCB), con el propósito de aumentar la percepción del riesgo ante el cáncer bucal. Resultados: el nivel de conocimiento resultó inadecuado en el 56.6% de los estomatólogos en los acápites relacionados a: PDCB, características clínicas del cáncer bucal, factores de riesgo, factores protectores y signos de alarma. Luego de aplicada la estrategia educativa se elevó el nivel de conocimiento a un 98,3 % de estomatólogos evaluados de satisfactorio. Conclusiones: elevar en los estomatólogos generales el nivel de conocimiento sobre cáncer bucal y la forma de prevenirlo, permite potenciar los objetivos propuestos por el PDCB (AU).

Introduction: general dentists are the first line of the education for health and oral cancer prevention; so their level of knowledge and their perception of the risk the population are at of suffering oral cancer has great importance for oral cancer prevention in the primary health care. Objectives: to assess the initial level of knowledge the studied general dentist had. To apply an educative intervention for improving the level of knowledge on oral cancer among the studied population of professionals. To assess the outcomes of the educative intervention applied to dentists who participated. Materials and Methods: an experimental study of educative intervention and technological development on the Program of Oral Cancer Detection (PDCB en Spanish) was designed and carried out with the participation of 60 dentists working in the municipalities of Cardenas, Marti and the Popular Council Máximo Gómez during the period from September 2011 to June 2012, aimed to the increment of their perception of oral cancer risk. Results: the level of knowledge was inadequate in 56,6 % of the dentists in items related with: Program of Oral Cancer Detection, oral cancer clinical characteristics, risk factors, protecting factors and alarming signs. After the application of the educative intervention, the level of knowledge improved up to 97,3 % of the dentists evaluated as satisfactory. Conclusions: improving the level of knowledge the general dentists have on oral cancer and the forms of preventing it allows potentiating the aims proposed by the Program of Oral Cancer Detection (AU).

Impact of Educational Interventions Based on the Implementation Intentions Strategy on the Oral Health of Schoolchildren

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a traditional educational intervention with other two based on the implementation intentions psychological model on clinical and cognitive aspects related to the oral health of schoolchildren. Material and Methods: A sample of 160 children aged 7-10 years was divided into three groups: control (CG), Intervention 1 (IG1) and Intervention 2 (IG2). Plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and knowledge on the oral health of schoolchildren were collected at baseline, 30, 60 and 120 days. All groups participated in educational lectures and had individual tooth brushing supervision and children from IG1 and IG2 participated in a self-regulatory strategy called implementation intentions aimed at facilitating behavior of brushing teeth at least three times a day. In addition, children from IG2 participated in a collaborative implementation intentions strategy with their parents in order motivate them to develop the behavior with their children. Results: All groups showed reductions in PI and GBI values and improvements in oral health knowledge, but IG1 and IG2 showed statistically significant differences in these variables compared to CG. Conclusion: The use of the Implementation Intentions psychological model in oral health educational programs showed a greater impact on the knowledge about oral health and plaque index of schoolchildren compared to traditional educational programs.

Intervención profesional para la deshabituación tabáquica / Professional intervention for tobacco cessation

Cuando se realiza una intervención profesional para ayudar a los pacientes Cuando se realiza una intervención profesional para ayudar a los pacientes a dejar de fumar, el propósito fundamental es la abstinencia tabáquica. Para lograr esto, el pacientefumador debe avanzar en las fases de abandono a través de entrevistas motivacionales, ayuda conductual, farmacológica y psicológica. Todas las intervenciones en el tratamiento del tabaquismo van dirigidas a superar ladependencia física, psicológica y social y los síntomas que acompañan a la abstinencia del consumo de tabaco.Desde cualquier consulta de deshabituación tabáquica se pueden plantear diferentes niveles de actuación como son: 1. Intervención Mínima Sistematizada (IMS) 2. Educación para la Salud 3. Consejo Profesional 6. Reducción de daños7. Seguimiento del Fumador La intervención mínima está considerada como una de las intervenciones esenciales y más coste-efectivas en el tratamiento del tabaquismo. Los estudios publicados en las últimasdécadas indican que el consejo para dejar de fumar constituye un motivo importante para iniciar el proceso de abandono del consumo de tabaco. Un elemento primordial es la educación para la salud, que incluye el conjunto de consejos higiénico-dietético-sanitariosque se ofrecen y que el paciente, en cierta medida, debe asumir; para llevarla a cabo, es importante que el profesional conozca determinados aspectos del tabaquismo y asimismo, informe a los pacientes fumadores. El consejo profesional es función de cualquier profesional de la salud, independientemente de su especialidad, y debe ser incorporado asu actividad asistencial. Debe formar parte de cualquier intervención para la prevención y tratamiento del tabaquismo. El principal objetivo del abordaje del tabaquismo es adaptar el tratamiento a la situación particular de cada fumador, haciéndole progresar por las distintas fases de abandono deltabaco y posteriormente ayudar a consolidar su abstinencia...

Promoção de saúde bucal e síndrome de Down: inclusão e qualidade de vida por meio da extensão universitária / Oral health promotion and Down's syndrome: inclusion and quality of life through university extension

A prevenção é essencial para o estabelecimento de saúde bucal dos pacientes, principalmente quando relacionada aos indivíduos com deficiência, como os pacientes com Síndrome de Down (SD). O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as percepções de pais e/ou responsáveis sobre a saúde bucal e em seguida formular um manual sobre escovação dentária, além de encontrar recursos lúdicos de manejo comportamental para o paciente com SD. Com os participantes com SD foram realizadas oficinas de arte e outras atividades lúdicas com caráter de educação em saúde. Participaram do estudo 15 pacientes com SD com idade entre 3 e 16 anos, com seus respectivos pais/cuidadores da Associação de Pais e Amigos das Pessoas com SD de Lençóis Paulista - SP (Brasil). Observou-se que ainda grande parte dos pais desconhece quais doenças acometem a cavidade bucal dos pacientes com SD e como isso afetam sua saúde sistêmica. Constatou-se que os participantes com SD aceitaram e adotaram de maneira mais efetiva as instruções de higiene bucal por meio da música fortalecendo o vínculo paciente-profissional. Portanto, atividades de extensão para essa parcela da população são fundamentais para promoção de saúde bucal, inclusão social e qualidade de vida dos mesmos.(AU)

Prevention in dentistry is essential for oral health promotion, especially when is related to special care patients, including Down´s syndrome patients (DS). The present study aims to identify the parents' perceptions concerning oral health, and then, create a manual about tooth brushing. In addition, this study aims to create behavioral management approaches, performing art workshops and recreational activities about health education for patients with DS. The study included 15 individuals with DS aged 3-16 years with their parents/caregivers of the Association of Parents and Friends of Down's syndrome patients in Lençóis Paulista - SP (Brazil). It was observed that most of the parents still unknown diseases in the oral cavity of patients with DS and how it affects your systemic health. It was verified that participants with DS accepted and adopted more effectively instructions of oral hygiene using music approaches, optimizing patient-professional relationship. Therefore, extra clinical activities to those special needs patients are essential for oral health promotion, social inclusion and quality of life.(AU)

La sala lúdica: un complemento de la Clínica Dental Pediátrica Universitaria / The playroom: a complement of the University Pediatric Dental Clinic

El presente artículo muestra las diferentes actividades que realiza la salalúdica SALPEP (Especialidad en Estomatología Pediátrica, Facultad deEstomatología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí), tanto educativascomo de preparación conductual antes de ingresar a la consulta dental, en los pacientes pediátricos así como en sus padres que acuden a la Clínica Dental Pediátrica del Posgrado. Además, se resaltan los resultados obtenidos en sus primeros doce meses de labor, los beneficios y experiencias logradas que se han refl ejado en el aumento de la calidad de la atención odontológica, en todos los aspectos...

Relación de los niveles de caries y Ph salival en pacientes adolescentes / Relathionship between caries levels and salivary pH in adolescent patients

El presente estudio se realiza con el propósito de conocer la relación entre la presencia de caries y pH salival en adolescentes con edades comprendidasentre 10 y 20 años. La muestra estuvo constituida por dos grupos: uno incluyó pacientes con caries que asistieron a la Facultad de Odontología UNNE parasu atención durante el ciclo lectivo 2012; y el otro sin caries, alumnos de 2º año de la Carrera de Odontología,ambos con la misma edad y género.El pH en pacientes con un índice de caries de 4.5 varió entre 5 y 7, siendo el intervalo de referencia normal 6,5 y en los pacientes que no manifestaron caries el pH osciló entre 6.5 y 7. Los resultados del estudio están orientados a la prevención y promoción de la salud en la educación y concientización de este grupo vulnerable...

Evaluation of a preventive educational program for malocclusions: 7-year study

Abstract This study aimed at evaluating the Protocol for the Prevention of Malocclusions (PPM), established in the preventive educational program developed by the Public Infant Oral Health Program of the State University of Londrina (PIOHP-UEL). Guardians of three-year-olds or older, maintaining nutritive (bottle) and/or non-nutritive (pacifier and finger) sucking habits, attended meetings designed to alert and guide them to eliminating these habits from their children. PPM patient records (2006-2013) were assessed and the data were described and evaluated by the Chi-square test, with a 5% significance level. Results 506 of the 802 guardians/children referred to the PPM joined. As for the children, the most frequently assessed habits were: bottle (56.1%), bottle and pacifier (18.4%), finger (11.9%), bottle and finger (7.1%), pacifier (5.7%), pacifier and finger (0.6%), and bottle/pacifier/finger (0.2%). After parent participation in the meetings, 335 (66.2%) children abandoned their habits. There was a statistical difference between type of oral habit and time to abandonment (p = 0.0001). However, those with only one habit abandoned it more easily (72.6%) than those with two or more associated habits (48.1%) (p = 0.042). Presence or absence of breastfeeding and parents' level of education had no significant effect on habit abandonment. Conclusion PPM was an important tool for spreading knowledge to guardians, greatly contributing to the abandonment of deleterious oral habits. Bottle sucking warrants special attention - mentioned by 81.8% of parents - either alone or associated with other habits. Thus, educational actions to implement the children's approach to oral health are fundamental to making behavioral changes and promoting education of healthy habits, thereby keeping malocclusions from developing.